/*
    * Copyright 2002-2014 the original author or authors.
    *
    * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
    * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
    * You may obtain a copy of the License at
    *
    *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
   * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   * limitations under the License.
   */
  
  package org.springframework.orm.jpa.persistenceunit;
  
  import java.io.IOException;
  import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
  import java.net.URL;
  import java.util.HashMap;
  import java.util.HashSet;
  import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
  import java.util.LinkedList;
  import java.util.List;
  import java.util.Map;
  import java.util.Set;
  import javax.persistence.Embeddable;
  import javax.persistence.Entity;
  import javax.persistence.MappedSuperclass;
  import javax.persistence.PersistenceException;
  import javax.persistence.SharedCacheMode;
  import javax.persistence.ValidationMode;
  import javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceUnitInfo;
  import javax.sql.DataSource;
  
  import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
  import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
  
  import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
  import org.springframework.context.ResourceLoaderAware;
  import org.springframework.context.weaving.LoadTimeWeaverAware;
  import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
  import org.springframework.core.io.ResourceLoader;
  import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;
  import org.springframework.core.io.support.ResourcePatternResolver;
  import org.springframework.core.io.support.ResourcePatternUtils;
  import org.springframework.core.type.classreading.CachingMetadataReaderFactory;
  import org.springframework.core.type.classreading.MetadataReader;
  import org.springframework.core.type.classreading.MetadataReaderFactory;
  import org.springframework.core.type.filter.AnnotationTypeFilter;
  import org.springframework.core.type.filter.TypeFilter;
  import org.springframework.instrument.classloading.InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver;
  import org.springframework.instrument.classloading.LoadTimeWeaver;
  import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.DataSourceLookup;
  import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.JndiDataSourceLookup;
  import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.MapDataSourceLookup;
  import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
  import org.springframework.util.ObjectUtils;
  import org.springframework.util.ResourceUtils;
  
  /**
   * Default implementation of the {@link PersistenceUnitManager} interface.
   * Used as internal default by
   * {@link org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean}.
   *
   * <p>Supports standard JPA scanning for {@code persistence.xml} files,
   * with configurable file locations, JDBC DataSource lookup and load-time weaving.
   *
   * <p>The default XML file location is {@code classpath*:META-INF/persistence.xml},
   * scanning for all matching files in the classpath (as defined in the JPA specification).
   * DataSource names are by default interpreted as JNDI names, and no load time weaving
   * is available (which requires weaving to be turned off in the persistence provider).
   *
   * <p><b>NOTE: Spring's JPA support requires JPA 2.0 or higher, as of Spring 4.0.</b>
   * Spring's persistence unit bootstrapping automatically detects JPA 2.1 at runtime.
   *
   * @author Juergen Hoeller
   * @since 2.0
   * @see #setPersistenceXmlLocations
   * @see #setDataSourceLookup
   * @see #setLoadTimeWeaver
   * @see org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean#setPersistenceUnitManager
   */
  public class DefaultPersistenceUnitManager
  		implements PersistenceUnitManager, ResourceLoaderAware, LoadTimeWeaverAware, InitializingBean {
  
  	private static final String CLASS_RESOURCE_PATTERN = "/**/*.class";
  
  	private static final String PACKAGE_INFO_SUFFIX = ".package-info";
  
  	private static final String DEFAULT_ORM_XML_RESOURCE = "META-INF/orm.xml";
  
  	private static final String PERSISTENCE_XML_FILENAME = "persistence.xml";
  
  	/**
  	 * Default location of the {@code persistence.xml} file:
  	 * "classpath*:META-INF/persistence.xml".
 	 */
 	public final static String DEFAULT_PERSISTENCE_XML_LOCATION = "classpath*:META-INF/" + PERSISTENCE_XML_FILENAME;
 
 	/**
 	 * Default location for the persistence unit root URL:
 	 * "classpath:", indicating the root of the classpath.
 	 */
 	public final static String ORIGINAL_DEFAULT_PERSISTENCE_UNIT_ROOT_LOCATION = "classpath:";
 
 	public final static String ORIGINAL_DEFAULT_PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME = "default";
 
 
 	private static final Set<TypeFilter> entityTypeFilters;
 
 	static {
 		entityTypeFilters = new LinkedHashSet<TypeFilter>(4);
 		entityTypeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(Entity.class, false));
 		entityTypeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(Embeddable.class, false));
 		entityTypeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(MappedSuperclass.class, false));
 		try {
 			@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 			Class<? extends Annotation> converterAnnotation = (Class<? extends Annotation>)
 					ClassUtils.forName("javax.persistence.Converter", DefaultPersistenceUnitManager.class.getClassLoader());
 			entityTypeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(converterAnnotation, false));
 		}
 		catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
 			// JPA 2.1 API not available
 		}
 	}
 
 
 	protected final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
 
 	private String[] persistenceXmlLocations = new String[] {DEFAULT_PERSISTENCE_XML_LOCATION};
 
 	private String defaultPersistenceUnitRootLocation = ORIGINAL_DEFAULT_PERSISTENCE_UNIT_ROOT_LOCATION;
 
 	private String defaultPersistenceUnitName = ORIGINAL_DEFAULT_PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME;
 
 	private String[] packagesToScan;
 
 	private String[] mappingResources;
 
 	private SharedCacheMode sharedCacheMode;
 
 	private ValidationMode validationMode;
 
 	private DataSourceLookup dataSourceLookup = new JndiDataSourceLookup();
 
 	private DataSource defaultDataSource;
 
 	private DataSource defaultJtaDataSource;
 
 	private PersistenceUnitPostProcessor[] persistenceUnitPostProcessors;
 
 	private LoadTimeWeaver loadTimeWeaver;
 
 	private ResourcePatternResolver resourcePatternResolver = new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver();
 
 	private final Set<String> persistenceUnitInfoNames = new HashSet<String>();
 
 	private final Map<String, PersistenceUnitInfo> persistenceUnitInfos = new HashMap<String, PersistenceUnitInfo>();
 
 
 	/**
 	 * Specify the location of the {@code persistence.xml} files to load.
 	 * These can be specified as Spring resource locations and/or location patterns.
 	 * <p>Default is "classpath*:META-INF/persistence.xml".
 	 */
 	public void setPersistenceXmlLocation(String persistenceXmlLocation) {
 		this.persistenceXmlLocations = new String[] {persistenceXmlLocation};
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Specify multiple locations of {@code persistence.xml} files to load.
 	 * These can be specified as Spring resource locations and/or location patterns.
 	 * <p>Default is "classpath*:META-INF/persistence.xml".
 	 * @param persistenceXmlLocations an array of Spring resource Strings
 	 * identifying the location of the {@code persistence.xml} files to read
 	 */
 	public void setPersistenceXmlLocations(String... persistenceXmlLocations) {
 		this.persistenceXmlLocations = persistenceXmlLocations;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Set the default persistence unit root location, to be applied
 	 * if no unit-specific persistence unit root could be determined.
 	 * <p>Default is "classpath:", that is, the root of the current classpath
 	 * (nearest root directory). To be overridden if unit-specific resolution
 	 * does not work and the classpath root is not appropriate either.
 	 */
 	public void setDefaultPersistenceUnitRootLocation(String defaultPersistenceUnitRootLocation) {
 		this.defaultPersistenceUnitRootLocation = defaultPersistenceUnitRootLocation;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Specify the name of the default persistence unit, if any. Default is "default".
 	 * <p>Primarily applied to a scanned persistence unit without {@code persistence.xml}.
 	 * Also applicable to selecting a default unit from several persistence units available.
 	 * @see #setPackagesToScan
 	 * @see #obtainDefaultPersistenceUnitInfo
 	 */
 	public void setDefaultPersistenceUnitName(String defaultPersistenceUnitName) {
 		this.defaultPersistenceUnitName = defaultPersistenceUnitName;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Set whether to use Spring-based scanning for entity classes in the classpath
 	 * instead of using JPA's standard scanning of jar files with {@code persistence.xml}
 	 * markers in them. In case of Spring-based scanning, no {@code persistence.xml}
 	 * is necessary; all you need to do is to specify base packages to search here.
 	 * <p>Default is none. Specify packages to search for autodetection of your entity
 	 * classes in the classpath. This is analogous to Spring's component-scan feature
 	 * ({@link org.springframework.context.annotation.ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner}).
 	 * <p>Such package scanning defines a "default persistence unit" in Spring, which
 	 * may live next to regularly defined units originating from {@code persistence.xml}.
 	 * Its name is determined by {@link #setDefaultPersistenceUnitName}: by default,
 	 * it's simply "default".
 	 * <p><p>Note: There may be limitations in comparison to regular JPA scanning.</b>
 	 * In particular, JPA providers may pick up annotated packages for provider-specific
 	 * annotations only when driven by {@code persistence.xml}. As of 4.1, Spring's
 	 * scan can detect annotated packages as well if supported by the given
 	 * {@link org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaVendorAdapter} (e.g. for Hibernate).
 	 * <p>If no explicit {@link #setMappingResources mapping resources} have been
 	 * specified in addition to these packages, this manager looks for a default
 	 * {@code META-INF/orm.xml} file in the classpath, registering it as a mapping
 	 * resource for the default unit if the mapping file is not co-located with a
 	 * {@code persistence.xml} file (in which case we assume it is only meant to be
 	 * used with the persistence units defined there, like in standard JPA).
 	 * @see #setDefaultPersistenceUnitName
 	 * @see #setMappingResources
 	 */
 	public void setPackagesToScan(String... packagesToScan) {
 		this.packagesToScan = packagesToScan;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Specify one or more mapping resources (equivalent to {@code &lt;mapping-file&gt;}
 	 * entries in {@code persistence.xml}) for the default persistence unit.
 	 * Can be used on its own or in combination with entity scanning in the classpath,
 	 * in both cases avoiding {@code persistence.xml}.
 	 * <p>Note that mapping resources must be relative to the classpath root,
 	 * e.g. "META-INF/mappings.xml" or "com/mycompany/repository/mappings.xml",
 	 * so that they can be loaded through {@code ClassLoader.getResource}.
 	 * <p>If no explicit mapping resources have been specified next to
 	 * {@link #setPackagesToScan packages to scan}, this manager looks for a default
 	 * {@code META-INF/orm.xml} file in the classpath, registering it as a mapping
 	 * resource for the default unit if the mapping file is not co-located with a
 	 * {@code persistence.xml} file (in which case we assume it is only meant to be
 	 * used with the persistence units defined there, like in standard JPA).
 	 * <p>Note that specifying an empty array/list here suppresses the default
 	 * {@code META-INF/orm.xml} check. On the other hand, explicitly specifying
 	 * {@code META-INF/orm.xml} here will register that file even if it happens
 	 * to be co-located with a {@code persistence.xml} file.
 	 * @see #setDefaultPersistenceUnitName
 	 * @see #setPackagesToScan
 	 */
 	public void setMappingResources(String... mappingResources) {
 		this.mappingResources = mappingResources;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Specify the JPA 2.0 shared cache mode for all of this manager's persistence
 	 * units, overriding any value in {@code persistence.xml} if set.
 	 * @see javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceUnitInfo#getSharedCacheMode()
 	 */
 	public void setSharedCacheMode(SharedCacheMode sharedCacheMode) {
 		this.sharedCacheMode = sharedCacheMode;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Specify the JPA 2.0 validation mode for all of this manager's persistence
 	 * units, overriding any value in {@code persistence.xml} if set.
 	 * @see javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceUnitInfo#getValidationMode()
 	 */
 	public void setValidationMode(ValidationMode validationMode) {
 		this.validationMode = validationMode;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Specify the JDBC DataSources that the JPA persistence provider is supposed
 	 * to use for accessing the database, resolving data source names in
 	 * {@code persistence.xml} against Spring-managed DataSources.
 	 * <p>The specified Map needs to define data source names for specific DataSource
 	 * objects, matching the data source names used in {@code persistence.xml}.
 	 * If not specified, data source names will be resolved as JNDI names instead
 	 * (as defined by standard JPA).
 	 * @see org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.MapDataSourceLookup
 	 */
 	public void setDataSources(Map<String, DataSource> dataSources) {
 		this.dataSourceLookup = new MapDataSourceLookup(dataSources);
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Specify the JDBC DataSourceLookup that provides DataSources for the
 	 * persistence provider, resolving data source names in {@code persistence.xml}
 	 * against Spring-managed DataSource instances.
 	 * <p>Default is JndiDataSourceLookup, which resolves DataSource names as
 	 * JNDI names (as defined by standard JPA). Specify a BeanFactoryDataSourceLookup
 	 * instance if you want DataSource names to be resolved against Spring bean names.
 	 * <p>Alternatively, consider passing in a map from names to DataSource instances
 	 * via the "dataSources" property. If the {@code persistence.xml} file
 	 * does not define DataSource names at all, specify a default DataSource
 	 * via the "defaultDataSource" property.
 	 * @see org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.JndiDataSourceLookup
 	 * @see org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.BeanFactoryDataSourceLookup
 	 * @see #setDataSources
 	 * @see #setDefaultDataSource
 	 */
 	public void setDataSourceLookup(DataSourceLookup dataSourceLookup) {
 		this.dataSourceLookup = (dataSourceLookup != null ? dataSourceLookup : new JndiDataSourceLookup());
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Return the JDBC DataSourceLookup that provides DataSources for the
 	 * persistence provider, resolving data source names in {@code persistence.xml}
 	 * against Spring-managed DataSource instances.
 	 */
 	public DataSourceLookup getDataSourceLookup() {
 		return this.dataSourceLookup;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Specify the JDBC DataSource that the JPA persistence provider is supposed to use
 	 * for accessing the database if none has been specified in {@code persistence.xml}.
 	 * This variant indicates no special transaction setup, i.e. typical resource-local.
 	 * <p>In JPA speak, a DataSource passed in here will be uses as "nonJtaDataSource"
 	 * on the PersistenceUnitInfo passed to the PersistenceProvider, provided that
 	 * none has been registered before.
 	 * @see javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceUnitInfo#getNonJtaDataSource()
 	 */
 	public void setDefaultDataSource(DataSource defaultDataSource) {
 		this.defaultDataSource = defaultDataSource;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Return the JDBC DataSource that the JPA persistence provider is supposed to use
 	 * for accessing the database if none has been specified in {@code persistence.xml}.
 	 */
 	public DataSource getDefaultDataSource() {
 		return this.defaultDataSource;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Specify the JDBC DataSource that the JPA persistence provider is supposed to use
 	 * for accessing the database if none has been specified in {@code persistence.xml}.
 	 * This variant indicates that JTA is supposed to be used as transaction type.
 	 * <p>In JPA speak, a DataSource passed in here will be uses as "jtaDataSource"
 	 * on the PersistenceUnitInfo passed to the PersistenceProvider, provided that
 	 * none has been registered before.
 	 * @see javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceUnitInfo#getJtaDataSource()
 	 */
 	public void setDefaultJtaDataSource(DataSource defaultJtaDataSource) {
 		this.defaultJtaDataSource = defaultJtaDataSource;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Return the JTA-aware DataSource that the JPA persistence provider is supposed to use
 	 * for accessing the database if none has been specified in {@code persistence.xml}.
 	 */
 	public DataSource getDefaultJtaDataSource() {
 		return this.defaultJtaDataSource;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Set the PersistenceUnitPostProcessors to be applied to each
 	 * PersistenceUnitInfo that has been parsed by this manager.
 	 * <p>Such post-processors can, for example, register further entity classes and
 	 * jar files, in addition to the metadata read from {@code persistence.xml}.
 	 */
 	public void setPersistenceUnitPostProcessors(PersistenceUnitPostProcessor... postProcessors) {
 		this.persistenceUnitPostProcessors = postProcessors;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Return the PersistenceUnitPostProcessors to be applied to each
 	 * PersistenceUnitInfo that has been parsed by this manager.
 	 */
 	public PersistenceUnitPostProcessor[] getPersistenceUnitPostProcessors() {
 		return this.persistenceUnitPostProcessors;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Specify the Spring LoadTimeWeaver to use for class instrumentation according
 	 * to the JPA class transformer contract.
 	 * <p>It is not required to specify a LoadTimeWeaver: Most providers will be able
 	 * to provide a subset of their functionality without class instrumentation as well,
 	 * or operate with their own VM agent specified on JVM startup. Furthermore,
 	 * DefaultPersistenceUnitManager falls back to an InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver
 	 * if Spring's agent-based instrumentation is available at runtime.
 	 * <p>In terms of Spring-provided weaving options, the most important ones are
 	 * InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver, which requires a Spring-specific (but very general)
 	 * VM agent specified on JVM startup, and ReflectiveLoadTimeWeaver, which interacts
 	 * with an underlying ClassLoader based on specific extended methods being available
 	 * on it (for example, interacting with Spring's TomcatInstrumentableClassLoader).
 	 * Consider using the {@code context:load-time-weaver} XML tag for creating
 	 * such a shared LoadTimeWeaver (autodetecting the environment by default).
 	 * @see org.springframework.instrument.classloading.InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver
 	 * @see org.springframework.instrument.classloading.ReflectiveLoadTimeWeaver
 	 */
 	@Override
 	public void setLoadTimeWeaver(LoadTimeWeaver loadTimeWeaver) {
 		this.loadTimeWeaver = loadTimeWeaver;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Return the Spring LoadTimeWeaver to use for class instrumentation according
 	 * to the JPA class transformer contract.
 	 */
 	public LoadTimeWeaver getLoadTimeWeaver() {
 		return this.loadTimeWeaver;
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	public void setResourceLoader(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
 		this.resourcePatternResolver = ResourcePatternUtils.getResourcePatternResolver(resourceLoader);
 	}
 
 
 	@Override
 	public void afterPropertiesSet() {
 		if (this.loadTimeWeaver == null && InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver.isInstrumentationAvailable()) {
 			this.loadTimeWeaver = new InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver(this.resourcePatternResolver.getClassLoader());
 		}
 		preparePersistenceUnitInfos();
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Prepare the PersistenceUnitInfos according to the configuration
 	 * of this manager: scanning for {@code persistence.xml} files,
 	 * parsing all matching files, configuring and post-processing them.
 	 * <p>PersistenceUnitInfos cannot be obtained before this preparation
 	 * method has been invoked.
 	 * @see #obtainDefaultPersistenceUnitInfo()
 	 * @see #obtainPersistenceUnitInfo(String)
 	 */
 	public void preparePersistenceUnitInfos() {
 		this.persistenceUnitInfoNames.clear();
 		this.persistenceUnitInfos.clear();
 
 		List<SpringPersistenceUnitInfo> puis = readPersistenceUnitInfos();
 		for (SpringPersistenceUnitInfo pui : puis) {
 			if (pui.getPersistenceUnitRootUrl() == null) {
 				pui.setPersistenceUnitRootUrl(determineDefaultPersistenceUnitRootUrl());
 			}
 			if (pui.getJtaDataSource() == null) {
 				pui.setJtaDataSource(this.defaultJtaDataSource);
 			}
 			if (pui.getNonJtaDataSource() == null) {
 				pui.setNonJtaDataSource(this.defaultDataSource);
 			}
 			if (this.sharedCacheMode != null) {
 				pui.setSharedCacheMode(this.sharedCacheMode);
 			}
 			if (this.validationMode != null) {
 				pui.setValidationMode(this.validationMode);
 			}
 			if (this.loadTimeWeaver != null) {
 				pui.init(this.loadTimeWeaver);
 			}
 			else {
 				pui.init(this.resourcePatternResolver.getClassLoader());
 			}
 			postProcessPersistenceUnitInfo(pui);
 			String name = pui.getPersistenceUnitName();
 			if (!this.persistenceUnitInfoNames.add(name) && !isPersistenceUnitOverrideAllowed()) {
 				StringBuilder msg = new StringBuilder();
 				msg.append("Conflicting persistence unit definitions for name '").append(name).append("': ");
 				msg.append(pui.getPersistenceUnitRootUrl()).append(", ");
 				msg.append(this.persistenceUnitInfos.get(name).getPersistenceUnitRootUrl());
 				throw new IllegalStateException(msg.toString());
 			}
 			this.persistenceUnitInfos.put(name, pui);
 		}
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Read all persistence unit infos from {@code persistence.xml},
 	 * as defined in the JPA specification.
 	 */
 	private List<SpringPersistenceUnitInfo> readPersistenceUnitInfos() {
 		List<SpringPersistenceUnitInfo> infos = new LinkedList<SpringPersistenceUnitInfo>();
 		String defaultName = this.defaultPersistenceUnitName;
 		boolean buildDefaultUnit = (this.packagesToScan != null || this.mappingResources != null);
 		boolean foundDefaultUnit = false;
 
 		PersistenceUnitReader reader = new PersistenceUnitReader(this.resourcePatternResolver, this.dataSourceLookup);
 		SpringPersistenceUnitInfo[] readInfos = reader.readPersistenceUnitInfos(this.persistenceXmlLocations);
 		for (SpringPersistenceUnitInfo readInfo : readInfos) {
 			infos.add(readInfo);
 			if (defaultName != null && defaultName.equals(readInfo.getPersistenceUnitName())) {
 				foundDefaultUnit = true;
 			}
 		}
 
 		if (buildDefaultUnit) {
 			if (foundDefaultUnit) {
 				if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
 					logger.info("Found explicit default unit with name '" + defaultName + "' in persistence.xml - " +
 							"overriding local default unit settings ('packagesToScan'/'mappingResources')");
 				}
 			}
 			else {
 				infos.add(buildDefaultPersistenceUnitInfo());
 			}
 		}
 		return infos;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Perform Spring-based scanning for entity classes.
 	 * @see #setPackagesToScan
 	 */
 	private SpringPersistenceUnitInfo buildDefaultPersistenceUnitInfo() {
 		SpringPersistenceUnitInfo scannedUnit = new SpringPersistenceUnitInfo();
 		scannedUnit.setPersistenceUnitName(this.defaultPersistenceUnitName);
 		scannedUnit.setExcludeUnlistedClasses(true);
 
 		if (this.packagesToScan != null) {
 			for (String pkg : this.packagesToScan) {
 				try {
 					String pattern = ResourcePatternResolver.CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIX +
 							ClassUtils.convertClassNameToResourcePath(pkg) + CLASS_RESOURCE_PATTERN;
 					Resource[] resources = this.resourcePatternResolver.getResources(pattern);
 					MetadataReaderFactory readerFactory = new CachingMetadataReaderFactory(this.resourcePatternResolver);
 					for (Resource resource : resources) {
 						if (resource.isReadable()) {
 							MetadataReader reader = readerFactory.getMetadataReader(resource);
 							String className = reader.getClassMetadata().getClassName();
 							if (matchesFilter(reader, readerFactory)) {
 								scannedUnit.addManagedClassName(className);
 								if (scannedUnit.getPersistenceUnitRootUrl() == null) {
 									URL url = resource.getURL();
 									if (ResourceUtils.isJarURL(url)) {
 										scannedUnit.setPersistenceUnitRootUrl(ResourceUtils.extractJarFileURL(url));
 									}
 								}
 							}
 							else if (className.endsWith(PACKAGE_INFO_SUFFIX)) {
 								scannedUnit.addManagedPackage(
 										className.substring(0, className.length() - PACKAGE_INFO_SUFFIX.length()));
 							}
 						}
 					}
 				}
 				catch (IOException ex) {
 					throw new PersistenceException("Failed to scan classpath for unlisted entity classes", ex);
 				}
 			}
 		}
 
 		if (this.mappingResources != null) {
 			for (String mappingFileName : this.mappingResources) {
 				scannedUnit.addMappingFileName(mappingFileName);
 			}
 		}
 		else if (useOrmXmlForDefaultPersistenceUnit()) {
 			scannedUnit.addMappingFileName(DEFAULT_ORM_XML_RESOURCE);
 		}
 
 		return scannedUnit;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Check whether any of the configured entity type filters matches
 	 * the current class descriptor contained in the metadata reader.
 	 */
 	private boolean matchesFilter(MetadataReader reader, MetadataReaderFactory readerFactory) throws IOException {
 		for (TypeFilter filter : entityTypeFilters) {
 			if (filter.match(reader, readerFactory)) {
 				return true;
 			}
 		}
 		return false;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Try to determine the persistence unit root URL based on the given
 	 * "defaultPersistenceUnitRootLocation".
 	 * @return the persistence unit root URL to pass to the JPA PersistenceProvider
 	 * @see #setDefaultPersistenceUnitRootLocation
 	 */
 	private URL determineDefaultPersistenceUnitRootUrl() {
 		if (this.defaultPersistenceUnitRootLocation == null) {
 			return null;
 		}
 		try {
 			Resource res = this.resourcePatternResolver.getResource(this.defaultPersistenceUnitRootLocation);
 			return res.getURL();
 		}
 		catch (IOException ex) {
 			throw new PersistenceException("Unable to resolve persistence unit root URL", ex);
 		}
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Determine whether to register JPA's default "META-INF/orm.xml" with
 	 * Spring's default persistence unit, if any.
 	 * <p>Checks whether a "META-INF/orm.xml" file exists in the classpath and
 	 * uses it if it is not co-located with a "META-INF/persistence.xml" file.
 	 */
 	private boolean useOrmXmlForDefaultPersistenceUnit() {
 		Resource ormXml = this.resourcePatternResolver.getResource(
 				this.defaultPersistenceUnitRootLocation + DEFAULT_ORM_XML_RESOURCE);
 		if (ormXml.exists()) {
 			try {
 				Resource persistenceXml = ormXml.createRelative(PERSISTENCE_XML_FILENAME);
 				if (!persistenceXml.exists()) {
 					return true;
 				}
 			}
 			catch (IOException ex) {
 				// Cannot resolve relative persistence.xml file - let's assume it's not there.
 				return true;
 			}
 		}
 		return false;
 	}
 
 
 	/**
 	 * Return the specified PersistenceUnitInfo from this manager's cache
 	 * of processed persistence units, keeping it in the cache (i.e. not
 	 * 'obtaining' it for use but rather just accessing it for post-processing).
 	 * <p>This can be used in {@link #postProcessPersistenceUnitInfo} implementations,
 	 * detecting existing persistence units of the same name and potentially merging them.
 	 * @param persistenceUnitName the name of the desired persistence unit
 	 * @return the PersistenceUnitInfo in mutable form, or {@code null} if not available
 	 */
 	protected final MutablePersistenceUnitInfo getPersistenceUnitInfo(String persistenceUnitName) {
 		PersistenceUnitInfo pui = this.persistenceUnitInfos.get(persistenceUnitName);
 		return (MutablePersistenceUnitInfo) pui;
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Hook method allowing subclasses to customize each PersistenceUnitInfo.
 	 * <p>The default implementation delegates to all registered PersistenceUnitPostProcessors.
 	 * It is usually preferable to register further entity classes, jar files etc there
 	 * rather than in a subclass of this manager, to be able to reuse the post-processors.
 	 * @param pui the chosen PersistenceUnitInfo, as read from {@code persistence.xml}.
 	 * Passed in as MutablePersistenceUnitInfo.
 	 * @see #setPersistenceUnitPostProcessors
 	 */
 	protected void postProcessPersistenceUnitInfo(MutablePersistenceUnitInfo pui) {
 		PersistenceUnitPostProcessor[] postProcessors = getPersistenceUnitPostProcessors();
 		if (postProcessors != null) {
 			for (PersistenceUnitPostProcessor postProcessor : postProcessors) {
 				postProcessor.postProcessPersistenceUnitInfo(pui);
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Return whether an override of a same-named persistence unit is allowed.
 	 * <p>Default is {@code false}. May be overridden to return {@code true},
 	 * for example if {@link #postProcessPersistenceUnitInfo} is able to handle that case.
 	 */
 	protected boolean isPersistenceUnitOverrideAllowed() {
 		return false;
 	}
 
 
 	@Override
 	public PersistenceUnitInfo obtainDefaultPersistenceUnitInfo() {
 		if (this.persistenceUnitInfoNames.isEmpty()) {
 			throw new IllegalStateException("No persistence units parsed from " +
 					ObjectUtils.nullSafeToString(this.persistenceXmlLocations));
 		}
 		if (this.persistenceUnitInfos.isEmpty()) {
 			throw new IllegalStateException("All persistence units from " +
 					ObjectUtils.nullSafeToString(this.persistenceXmlLocations) + " already obtained");
 		}
 		if (this.persistenceUnitInfos.size() > 1) {
 			return obtainPersistenceUnitInfo(this.defaultPersistenceUnitName);
 		}
 		PersistenceUnitInfo pui = this.persistenceUnitInfos.values().iterator().next();
 		this.persistenceUnitInfos.clear();
 		return pui;
 	}
 
 	@Override
 	public PersistenceUnitInfo obtainPersistenceUnitInfo(String persistenceUnitName) {
 		PersistenceUnitInfo pui = this.persistenceUnitInfos.remove(persistenceUnitName);
 		if (pui == null) {
 			if (!this.persistenceUnitInfoNames.contains(persistenceUnitName)) {
 				throw new IllegalArgumentException(
 						"No persistence unit with name '" + persistenceUnitName + "' found");
 			}
 			else {
 				throw new IllegalStateException(
 						"Persistence unit with name '" + persistenceUnitName + "' already obtained");
 			}
 		}
 		return pui;
 	}
 
 }